![\"montessori](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nasemontessori.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/montessori_pocitani-1-of-4.jpg?resize=1140%2C760&ssl=1\")
Syna posledn\u00ed dobou za\u010daly velice zaj\u00edmat \u010d\u00edsla. Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 v\u0161echno od prst\u016f na ruk\u00e1ch po cere\u00e1lie, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 k sn\u00eddani (co\u017e je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 praktick\u00e9, kdy\u017e se ho sna\u017e\u00edte za n\u011bjakou rozumnou dobu vypravit do \u0161kolky \ud83d\ude42 ).<\/p>\n
Abych toto jeho senzitivn\u00ed obdob\u00ed podpo\u0159ila, rozhodla jsem se nastudovat, jak Montessori p\u0159istupuje k v\u00fduce po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed, a p\u0159ipravit n\u011bkolik aktivit, kter\u00e9 by ho mohly na jeho cest\u011b za pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm matematiky v tomhle v\u011bku zaj\u00edmat. Jak u\u017e jsem psala n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t (t\u0159eba v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce Montessori dom\u00e1cnost<\/a>), sna\u017e\u00edm se v\u017edycky p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e investuji v\u00edc pen\u011bz do pom\u016fcek nebo vybaven\u00ed, otestovat, jestli syna dan\u00e9 v\u011bci budou zaj\u00edmat. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jsem se proto rozhodla vyrobit si pom\u016fcky sama a teprve pokud to uzn\u00e1m za vhodn\u00e9, nakoup\u00edm dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed Montessori materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m uk\u00e1\u017eu, jak\u00e9 pom\u016fcky jsem vyr\u00e1b\u011bla a jak je Montessori pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159i v\u011bci:<\/p>\n Poj\u010fme se nyn\u00ed na jednotliv\u00e9 pom\u016fcky k po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed pod\u00edvat v\u00edce do detailu.<\/p>\n Pro d\u011bti v\u011b v\u011bku od t\u0159\u00ed do \u010dty\u0159 let je velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m pochopit, \u017ee p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm dal\u0161\u00ed jednotky k celku vznikne nov\u00fd celek. Je pro n\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159edstavit si nap\u0159\u00edklad to, \u017ee kdy\u017e se ke \u010dty\u0159em kosti\u010dk\u00e1m p\u0159id\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b jedna, je jich celkem p\u011bt.<\/p>\n Z toho d\u016fvodu Montessori vymyslela \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 ty\u010de<\/strong>. Jsou se\u0159azeny podle d\u00e9lky od jedn\u00e9 do deseti. Nejkrat\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00ed jednu jednotku (nap\u0159\u00edklad 10cm) a reprezenzuje \u010d\u00edslo jedna. Dal\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00ed dv\u011b jednotky a reprezentuje \u010d\u00edslo dva atd.<\/p>\n S t\u011bmito ty\u010demi lze manipulovat a vytv\u00e1\u0159et s nimi r\u016fzn\u00e9 kombinace a srovn\u00e1n\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad spojen\u00edm ty\u010de o jedn\u00e9 d\u00e9lce a ty\u010de o dvou d\u00e9lk\u00e1ch z\u00edsk\u00e1me stejnou d\u00e9lku jako m\u00e1 ty\u010d reprezentuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo t\u0159i. D\u00edky tomu d\u00edt\u011b za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ch\u00e1pat v\u00fdznam toho, co \u010d\u00edslice reprezentuj\u00ed. A za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 tak\u00e9 ch\u00e1pat koncept s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n D\u00e1le pak m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ikl\u00e1dat karti\u010dky s \u010d\u00edsly k jednotliv\u00fdm ty\u010d\u00edm, aby si uv\u011bdomilo prov\u00e1zanost mezi \u010d\u00edslic\u00ed a jej\u00ed hodnotou. A u\u010d\u00ed se posloupnost \u010d\u00edslic.<\/p>\n Jak jsem pom\u016fcku vyrobila?<\/strong><\/p>\n Pro na\u0161e \u00fa\u010dely jsem k v\u00fdrob\u011b t\u00e9to pom\u016fcky pou\u017eila tvrd\u00fd pap\u00edr o gram\u00e1\u017ei 600g\/m2. Na n\u011bj jsem nar\u00fdsovala \u010dtverce o rozm\u011bru 2x2cm a na st\u0159\u00edda\u010dku je fixem vybarvila modrou a \u010dervenou barvou. A ty pak vyst\u0159\u00edhala, jak m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt na obr\u00e1zku.<\/p>\n Hmatov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslice pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me k n\u011bkolika \u00fa\u010del\u016fm. K tomu, aby se d\u00edt\u011b nau\u010dilo n\u00e1zvy jednotliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00edslic, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me tzv. trojstup\u0148ovou lekci, kdy d\u00edt\u011bti postupn\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me: „To je jedna.“ „Podej mi jedna.“ a „Jak\u00e9 je to \u010d\u00edslo?“ D\u00edt\u011b mus\u00ed polo\u017eit prsty na \u010d\u00edslici a obkreslit jej\u00ed obrys, \u010d\u00edm\u017e dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do svalov\u00e9 pam\u011bti to, jak tvar \u010d\u00edsla vypad\u00e1, co\u017e vyu\u017eije p\u0159i psan\u00ed.<\/p>\n D\u00e1le se hmatov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslice m\u016f\u017eou pou\u017e\u00edvat k tomu, \u017ee je d\u00edt\u011b rozlo\u017e\u00ed postupn\u011b p\u0159ed sebe a pod n\u011b p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u017eetony nebo kor\u00e1lky podle toho, jak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo je na nich napsan\u00e9. \u017detony p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u017edy po dvou, ka\u017ed\u00fd n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u00e1r pod ten p\u0159edchoz\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u\u010dit rozli\u0161ovat sud\u00e1 a lich\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla.<\/p>\n Aby se d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159i t\u00e9to aktivit\u011b mohlo samo opravit, kdy\u017e ud\u011bl\u00e1 chybu, je nutn\u00e9, aby po\u010det \u017eeton\u016f p\u0159esn\u011b odpov\u00eddal celkov\u00e9mu sou\u010dtu \u010d\u00edsel na kart\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n Jak jsem pom\u016fcku vytv\u00e1\u0159ela?<\/strong><\/p>\n D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 u t\u00e9to pom\u016fcky je, aby \u010d\u00edslice m\u011bly jin\u00fd povrch ne\u017e zbytek karti\u010dky, aby d\u00edt\u011b hmatem poznalo tvar \u010d\u00edslice. K tomu jsem pou\u017eila \u010d\u00edslice vyst\u0159\u00edhan\u00e9 z filcu, kter\u00e9 jsem pomoc\u00ed tavn\u00e9 pistole nalepila na pap\u00edrov\u00e9 karti\u010dky.<\/p>\n Jak p\u0159esn\u011b jsem postupovala, se m\u016f\u017eete pod\u00edvat na Instagramu<\/a>.<\/p>\n Po\u010detn\u00ed karty nejsou klasickou Montessori pom\u016fckou, ale rozhodla jsem se ji do na\u0161\u00ed v\u00fduky za\u010dlenit, proto\u017ee jsme doma m\u011bli v r\u00e1mci #offlinedetstvi<\/a> kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 po\u010detn\u00ed karty s dinosaury<\/a> a p\u0159i\u0161lo mi \u0161koda je nevyu\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n D\u00edt\u011b po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159edm\u011bty na dan\u00e9 kart\u011b a pak kol\u00ed\u010dkem ozna\u010d\u00ed, o jak\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed se jedn\u00e1. Karty jdou na internetu sehnat snad na jak\u00e9koli t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 zrovna va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b zaj\u00edm\u00e1, a jsou velice snadn\u00e9 na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n Jak\u00e9 aktivity a Montessori pom\u016fcky jste pou\u017e\u00edvali nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te pro \u00favod do po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed s va\u0161imi d\u011btmi? Co se v\u00e1m osv\u011bd\u010dilo a co naopak ne? Budu moc r\u00e1da, kdy\u017e mi nap\u00ed\u0161ete do koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n My jsme zat\u00edm ve f\u00e1z\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ale ur\u010dit\u011b v budoucnu p\u0159iprav\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nek o tom, jak to u n\u00e1s v\u0161echno prob\u00edhalo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Syna posledn\u00ed dobou za\u010daly velice zaj\u00edmat \u010d\u00edsla. Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 v\u0161echno od prst\u016f na ruk\u00e1ch po cere\u00e1lie, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 k sn\u00eddani (co\u017e je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 praktick\u00e9, kdy\u017e se ho sna\u017e\u00edte za n\u011bjakou rozumnou dobu vypravit do \u0161kolky \ud83d\ude42 ). Abych toto jeho senzitivn\u00ed obdob\u00ed podpo\u0159ila, rozhodla jsem se nastudovat, jak Montessori p\u0159istupuje k v\u00fduce po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed, a p\u0159ipravit n\u011bkolik […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":504,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nasemontessori.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/montessori_pocitani-1-of-4.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=501"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":511,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501\/revisions\/511"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/504"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
![\"montessori](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nasemontessori.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/montessori_pocitani-2-of-4.jpg?resize=1140%2C760&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n1. \u010cerveno-modr\u00e9 \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 ty\u010de<\/h3>\n
![\"hmatov\u00e9](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nasemontessori.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/montessori_pocitani-4-of-4.jpg?resize=1140%2C760&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n2. Hmatov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslice<\/h3>\n
![\"po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nasemontessori.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/montessori_pocitani-3-of-4.jpg?resize=1140%2C760&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n3. Po\u010detn\u00ed karty<\/h3>\n
Z\u00e1v\u011brem<\/h3>\n\n\n\n