{"id":554,"date":"2022-02-07T09:36:43","date_gmt":"2022-02-07T08:36:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/?p=554"},"modified":"2022-02-07T09:42:19","modified_gmt":"2022-02-07T08:42:19","slug":"jak-naslouchat-detem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/2022\/02\/07\/jak-naslouchat-detem\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak naslouchat d\u011btem"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"JakT\u00e9ma toho, jak naslouchat sv\u00fdm d\u011btem<\/strong>, jsem ji\u017e velice zlehka nakousla v \u010dl\u00e1nku z minul\u00e9ho t\u00fddne, kde jsme se bavili o tom, jak za\u010d\u00edt s Montessori doma<\/a>. Zm\u00ednila jsem tam, \u017ee byste s d\u011btmi m\u011bli mluvit tak, jak byste cht\u011bli, aby ostatn\u00ed mluvili s v\u00e1mi.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i\u0161lo mi na t\u00e9ma n\u011bkolik dotaz\u016f a shodou okolnost\u00ed jsem t\u00e9ma naslouch\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161ila minul\u00fd t\u00fdden i u n\u00e1s doma. Syn byl toti\u017e ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd, \u017ee mu r\u00e1no tat\u00ednek nem\u00e1v\u00e1 u okna, kdy\u017e ho odvede do \u0161kolky. Se synem jsme se o tom ve\u010der bavili, souhlasil, \u017ee m\u00e1vat nepot\u0159ebuje, a druh\u00fd den po rozlou\u010den\u00ed (bez m\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed) byl zase ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st dopoledne proplakal.<\/p>\n

Do\u0161lo mi, \u017ee a\u010d jsme s man\u017eelem m\u011bli pocit, \u017ee jsme si se synem promluvili a v\u0161e vysv\u011btlili, mluvili jsme v\u00edc my<\/strong> ne\u017e on a m\u00e1lo jsme naslouchali tomu, co pot\u0159ebuje, \u010d\u00edm\u017e jsme ho nev\u011bdomky vmanipulovali do toho, aby n\u00e1m odk\u00fdval, \u017ee r\u00e1no m\u00e1vat nepot\u0159ebuje.<\/p>\n

O t\u00e9matu naslouch\u00e1n\u00ed jsem pak dlouho p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lela a sna\u017eila se o n\u011bm z\u00edskat co nejv\u00edc informac\u00ed. K \u010demu jsem dosp\u011bla? Poj\u010fte si to p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst.<\/p>\n

(Mimochodem m\u011b zaujalo, \u017ee je na internetu i v kn\u00ed\u017ek\u00e1ch spousta informac\u00ed o tom, jak p\u0159im\u011bt d\u00edt\u011b, aby v\u00e1s poslouchalo, ale o naslouch\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f d\u011btem je toho naps\u00e1no v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b.)<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je schopnost naslouchat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?<\/h3>\n

Jestli v budoucnu chcete, aby k v\u00e1m d\u011bti byly up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 a sv\u011b\u0159ovaly se v\u00e1m (obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 \u010dasto jsem na to myslela, kdy\u017e jsem koukala na film V s\u00edti), mus\u00ed z v\u00e1s c\u00edtit, \u017ee v\u00e1s opravdu zaj\u00edm\u00e1, co v\u00e1m \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed,<\/strong> a \u017ee, a\u010d se to v\u00e1m dosp\u011bl\u00fdm mo\u017en\u00e1 nezd\u00e1, ch\u00e1pete, \u017ee jsou pro n\u011b jejich probl\u00e9my velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se v\u00e1m s n\u011b\u010d\u00edm sv\u011b\u0159\u00ed, nebagatelizujte to slovy: „Ale v\u017edy\u0165 se nic nestalo,“ nebo: „Pros\u00edm t\u011b, na tom p\u0159eci nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed.“ V dosp\u011bl\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b to tak b\u00fdt m\u016f\u017ee, ale ve sv\u011bt\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed jsou opravdu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed i takov\u00e9 drobnosti jako to, \u017ee si ve \u0161kolce nemohli hr\u00e1t se sv\u00fdm obl\u00edben\u00fdm bagrem.<\/p>\n

Pokud u v\u00e1s porozum\u011bn\u00ed nenajdou, postupn\u011b se sv\u011b\u0159ovat p\u0159estanou<\/strong>. Dost mo\u017en\u00e1 si do budoucna odnesou zpr\u00e1vu, \u017ee jejich pocity a obavy nejsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. A budou pak up\u0159ednost\u0148ovat pot\u0159eby ostatn\u00edch p\u0159ed sv\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi, co\u017e nevytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed zrovna \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 dosp\u011bl\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Jak naslouchat d\u011btem spr\u00e1vn\u011b?<\/h3>\n

Kdy\u017e se v\u00e1m d\u00edt\u011b sv\u011b\u0159uje s n\u011b\u010d\u00edm, co je pro n\u011bj citliv\u00e9 nebo bolestiv\u00e9, opravdu ho poslouchejte<\/strong>. P\u0159esta\u0148te d\u011blat to, \u010demu se zrovna v\u011bnujete. P\u0159id\u0159epn\u011bte si, abyste byli na jeho \u00farovni a d\u00edt\u011b m\u011blo pocit, \u017ee opravdu naslouch\u00e1te.<\/p>\n

Nechte ho domluvit<\/strong>, ne\u017e mu za\u010dnete kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky, i kdy\u017e jeho vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kostrbat\u00e9 a m\u016f\u017ee trvat del\u0161\u00ed dobu, ne\u017e se dostane k tomu, co chce \u0159\u00edct. Sv\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami byste ho mohli odv\u00e9st od toho, co se sna\u017e\u00ed sd\u011blit.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e domluv\u00ed, zopakujte, co \u0159eklo<\/strong>, abyste sebe i jeho ujistili, \u017ee jste se spr\u00e1vn\u011b pochopili. „Tebe mrzelo, \u017ee si s tebou Mark\u00e9ta necht\u011bla hr\u00e1t?“ nebo „Jsi nazloben\u00fd z toho, \u017ee sis nemohl d\u00e1t sva\u010dinu, na kterou jsi m\u011bl chu\u0165?“ „P\u0159ijde ti nespravedliv\u00e9, \u017ee jsem na tebe k\u0159i\u010dela?“<\/p>\n

T\u00edm, \u017ee pojmenujete to, jak se d\u00edt\u011b nejsp\u00ed\u0161 v dan\u00e9 situaci pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b c\u00edtilo<\/strong>, mu pom\u016f\u017eete zorientovat se v jeho pocitech.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba (stejn\u011b jako kdy\u017e se v\u00e1m sv\u011b\u0159uje dosp\u011bl\u00fd) sna\u017eit se situaci n\u011bjak vy\u0159e\u0161it<\/strong>. D\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je b\u00fdt tu pro d\u00edt\u011b a nechat ho, aby se v\u00e1m mohlo sv\u011b\u0159it. Pokud m\u00e1te pocit, \u017ee by od v\u00e1s cht\u011blo n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, zeptejte se ho: „Chce\u0161, abych ti to pomohl n\u011bjak vy\u0159e\u0161it?“ nebo: „M\u016f\u017eu ti s t\u00edm n\u011bjak pomoct?“<\/p>\n

A to je vlastn\u011b v\u0161echno. Takhle napsan\u00e9 to vypad\u00e1 a\u017e ban\u00e1ln\u011b, ale sama v\u00edm, jak snadno se na to v ruchu ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota zapom\u00edn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Kam se vydat d\u00e1l?<\/h3>\n

Pokud v\u00e1s t\u00e9ma komunikace s d\u011btmi respektuj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem zaj\u00edm\u00e1 tak moc jako m\u011b, doporu\u010duji p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst si nap\u0159\u00edklad kn\u00ed\u017eku Rodi\u010dov\u0161tina<\/a>, kter\u00e1 se v\u011bnuje nejen naslouch\u00e1n\u00ed, ale i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch z\u00e1ludn\u00fdch v\u011bti\u010dek jako: „U\u017e jsi dost velk\u00e1 na…“ nebo: „Kluci nepl\u00e1\u010dou.“<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed kn\u00ed\u017eka, kter\u00e1 se v\u011bnuje p\u0159\u00edmo Montessori a komunikaci, je Montessori batole<\/a>. M\u016f\u017eete ji br\u00e1t jako \u010dtiv\u00fd \u00favod do cel\u00e9 problematiky a celkov\u011b ji doporu\u010duji ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kdo se o Montessori nebo respektuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k d\u00edt\u011bti zaj\u00edm\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Skv\u011bl\u00fd je tak\u00e9 podcast 13 h\u0159\u00edch\u016f rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed<\/a>, ve kter\u00e9m psycholog zmi\u0148uje, co v\u0161echno \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me (a ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1me) d\u011btem a jak\u00e9 r\u00e1ny si z toho m\u016f\u017eou odn\u00e9st do dosp\u011blosti.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1te n\u011bjak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed tipy, jak mluvit s d\u011btmi? Budu moc r\u00e1da, kdy\u017e se o n\u011b pod\u011bl\u00edte v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00e9ma toho, jak naslouchat sv\u00fdm d\u011btem, jsem ji\u017e velice zlehka nakousla v \u010dl\u00e1nku z minul\u00e9ho t\u00fddne, kde jsme se bavili o tom, jak za\u010d\u00edt s Montessori doma. Zm\u00ednila jsem tam, \u017ee byste s d\u011btmi m\u011bli mluvit tak, jak byste cht\u011bli, aby ostatn\u00ed mluvili s v\u00e1mi. P\u0159i\u0161lo mi na t\u00e9ma n\u011bkolik dotaz\u016f a shodou okolnost\u00ed jsem […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":561,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nasemontessori.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/20220206180247_IMG_8823-scaled.jpg?fit=2560%2C1707&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=554"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/554\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":565,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/554\/revisions\/565"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasemontessori.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}